Specific and highly efficient condensation of GC and IC DNA by polyaza pyridinophane derivatives
Overview of Stojković MR et al.
Authors | Stojković MR Gonzalez-Garcia J Šupljika F Galiana-Rosello C Guijarro L Gazze SA Francis LW Piantanida I Garcia-Espana E |
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Affiliation | Department of Inorganic Chemistry Institute for Molecular Science University of Valencia Catedratico Jose Beltran 2 46980 Paterna Spain. Electronic address: enrique.garcia-es@uv.es. |
Journal | Int J Biol Macromol |
Year | 2017 |
Abstract
Two bis-polyaza pyridinophane derivatives and their monomeric reference compounds revealed strong interactions with ds-DNA and RNA. The bis-derivatives show a specific condensation of GC- and IC-DNA, which is almost two orders of magnitude more efficient than the well-known condensation agent spermine. The type of condensed DNA was identified as ψ-DNA, characterized by the exceptionally strong CD signals. At variance to the almost silent AT(U) polynucleotides, these strong CD signals allow the determination of GC-condensates at nanomolar nucleobase concentrations. Detailed thermodynamic characterisation by ITC reveals significant differences between the DNA binding of the bis-derivative compounds (enthalpy driven) and that of spermine and of their monomeric counterparts (entropy driven). Atomic force microscopy confirmed GC-DNA compaction by the bis-derivatives and the formation of toroid- and rod-like structures responsible for the ψ-type pattern in the CD spectra.